Means for grinding cylinders



Aug. 25,1925. 1,550,807

H. C, HEON MEANS FOR GRINDING CYLINDERS Filed Nov 27, 19.22 2 Sheets-Sheet l l Zzmforf Hof/uo@ y6. 56072.

Aug. 25, 1925. 1,550,807

H. c. HECN Y MEANS FOR GRINDING CYLINDERSv v Filed Nov. 2v, 1922 2 sheets-smet 2 UNITED STATES HORACE C. HEON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS,

PATENT OFFICE.

ASSIGNOR T0 FREDERICK G'r. WACKER, O'F

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MEANS FCR GRIN DING CYLINDERS.

Application filed November 2'7, 1922. Serial No. 603,695.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HORACE C. HEON, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Grinding Cylinders, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the grinding of cylinders, such as the cylinders of engines, pumps and the like, to present a true and highly finished surface to the co-acting piston.

A general object of my invention is to provide a novel and advantageous grinding tool of construction suitable to be'operated at relatively high speed of rotation so that its long, slender abrading stones may be centrifugally pressed against the cylinder surface to be ground, and with the several stones so arranged and carried as to operate with uniformity and with minimized liability toI breakage, to undue wear or to other detriment to the tool or the cylinder surface. A further object of my invention is to provide in a tool novel and advantageous construction insuring operation thereof to grind out irregularities preexistent in the work-surface, whether in the nature of taper or out-of-roundness, and in efficient and rapid fashion to produce a true and highly finished or polished cylinder surface. Another object is to provide an organized apparatus embodying a tool or tools so characterized, advantageously adapted for automatic finishing of new work wherein the cylinder-bores closely approximate true contour and need only uniform nishing operation to be brought actually to desired dimensions and surface finish. Another object of my invention is to provide a tool structure which will be simple, effective, durable, very easily handled, inexpensive and self-adjusting.

For the attainment of these, andl other objects which will bec-ome app-arent to those skilled in the art, from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, my invention consists in the means for and method of grindf ing, hereinafter set forth, and particularly in the combinations, arrangements, features of construction and method hereinafter claimed.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a grinding tool embodying features of my invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section therethrough taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 3; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the tool with its gates or wings in folded line; Fig. 4 is a similar view with the gates or wings spread; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modiiied tool structure; Fig. 6 is a detail section, taken at the position indicated by line 6-6 of Fig. 5, showing a further modification, and Fig. 7 is a detail of a stonecarrying gate equipped with an extension s oe.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 to 4, 11 indicates the tool comprising a carrier 12 of suitable longitudinal extent from which extend the bearing members 13, shown as four pairs of radial arms, the arms: of each pair being in longitudinal alignment and spaced apart longitudinally, near opposite ends of the carrier body, so that each pair of arms may give adequate support to a pivoted gate or wing 14. Each such gate carries near its free edge an outwardly facing abrading element or stone 15, and near its opposite edge is pivoted to a rod 16 mounted in the spaced arms 13 constituting one pair of bearing members. The pivoted or inner edges of the gates are of course recessed as at 17 to receive the arms 13 and the bearing rods 16 may be demountably secured in place by Cotter pins 18. I illustrate the stone-carrying gates as four in number, because I prefer that the stones shall work against diametrically opposed portions of the cylinder surface to be ground, but it will be understood that in some of its aspects my invention is not limited to precise number of stones employed. Also, I prefer that each grinding stone shall extend the full effective length of its gate, so that if need be the tool may be used in grinding to a shoulder or cylinder head, without interference by any portion of the tool extending beyond the abrasive surface at at least one end thereof.

It will be observed that if the carrier be set in rapid rotation (in clock-wise direction Fig. 3) centrifugal action will tend to throw the stone-carrying gates or wings to expanded posit-ion as shown in Fig. 4, each gate being drawn forward in the direction `of rotation after its bearing member or pair of arms 13, and that the stated pivotal mounting of the gates, together with their construction in the manner shown, carrying the respective stones near theirl thickened and weighted tree edges, is conducive to their easy and active response to such ccntri'lfugal etleet.

To insure that under all conditions the gates will move in harmony, presenting the stones at equal radial distance 'l'rom the axis ot the carrier, such gates interconnected by an equalizino' structure 20, preterably duplicated. in the construction so that the equalizing system ai'lects each end of the gates, it being understood that (ne structure 20, shown at the bottom ot Fie. 2 is identical in design with that sho n at 2O at the top olf F ig. 2. Each gate or wing is recessed as at 2l on its inner side near its tree enge and in such recess there is pivoted as at 22 the outer end oi horizontal link 23 the inner end ot which is pivoted as at 2libetween two collars or common-connectors 25, 26. These collars are mounted with respect to the carrier l2 for relative 'freedom ot rotation, thereby leaving the gates 'lzree Ylor swinging displacement but interconnected for mutual restraint. Each link preferably runs from its pivot point 22 to the connector-collars in a direction away from its pivot rod 16, so that it any wing be impelled toward open position its linlr Q3 pulls the collar in clockwise direction (Fig 5) and the linkage acts on the other wines, pressing them out to an extent equalling the movement et the lirst-n'ientioned wing. rllhe collars surround and may be stabilized in position by central bearing members 2 and 28 at opposite ends of the tool, bearing member 2'? as shown in Fig. l constituting a portion of the tool drive-shalt rigidly connected with the carrier body and slidingly engaged by the collars 25 and 26. lly providing a pair et such equalizer structures at opposite ends of the tool, and mounting each wing in widely-spaced bearings, tree, non-cramping action etl'ective assured.

rlihe stones l5 A otrude 'lroin the outer side faces ot the wings gates "gar enough to assure their Contact w .inder wall in any position et the u Gs rroin closed to open, and they are supported in their gates in `ui-.gid Yfashion pr ialily with pron Vision to minimize their breakage by equalized and snug' support., The inner side ott each stone is invested in :a channeled holcer 30 in which the stone is ceinen e, holder is seated in a pocket 3l in the carrier in which it neatly lits and secured against any displacen'ient by suitable set screws 32 contacting with the base portion et the holder and inserted through the end or" the carrier, these set screws having suitable provision for operation as by the formation of Wrench sockets 33 in their tree ends, as shown in Figs. l and 2. By this construcinsonni 1. age is minimized.

desired to grind the cylinder AVer grief-te than that to which the si; spread when directly mounted r ef'tension shoesl may be emslim-fn in 7 each such shoe and screw equipment like :3, and a tongue 35 to lit in e wingl and be secured by he wing.

shown a modilied cona head 36 intervenes be sl iit section 27 and the this head being?` lined shalt section 2l and elongated pivot rods "ement the body l2 o1 a be n de as a sleeve, rotata art section 2S `to which the e at the top and bottom ed as 38, such shaft reid-.ably also finding bearrotation in the head @it course i'uction the drive from shaft i the rods i6 to the carrier through the carrier to the rods, 'clarito rotatability7 of the carrier connectors or collars is ne operation ot the device ."d in general eitect.

't practical and Ylior some to dispense entirely with in he coi'istruction and operation tools oit the character above described, in connection with the use oi coarse stones and or rapid work, it naar.' be z' Y f sira'ole to supplement cen- J .1 n

Vnoted pressure with a delinitc ire. The arrangement of above described 'facilitates thel ,ion of a recess in the head around @hatt 2S that connects thc upper and er equalizer and if desired a long wound litre a clocl spring, may

in such recess with its opposite i Lug, as shown i (i, the shaft n S and the head 3G, the spring to turn the shalt clockwise neet to Vthe head. Such provision if; spring be made to give a unilforin perfectly predetere throughout the entire range et the stonearrying wings,

e ritatiye increment bet veen the ars and the body ot the carrier 'n any event.

ye herein described in some constructions tor embodinyention, it will be understood led in the art that this is for purposes ot full disclosure and that many changes in construction and arrangement of parts may be made without departure from the spirit of my invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

And it will be further understood that while I particularly refer to grinding and the use of abrasive stones, the active elements so described, carried by the wings, may be surfacing or lapping elements of any suitable material.

I claim:

l. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a carrier member and an equalizer member, one mounted on the other and rotatably movable with respect to the other; a plurality of outwardly spreadable wings each pivoted adjacent its inner edge to the carrier member, stones carried by the outer, displaceable portions of said wings and respective links each pivoted at its inner end to the equalizer member and at its outer end pivoted to the respective wing at a point between the inner and outer edges of such- QDIn a tool of the character described, the combination of a rotatable carrier member having laterally extending bearing portions and above the latter an axial shaft portion; a plurality of outwardly spreadable wings each pivote-d adjacent its inner edge to a respective bearing portion of the carrier member; abrasive stones carried by the outer, displaceable portions of said wings, an equalizer member encircling said shaft portion of the carrier and rotarily movable thereon, and equalizer linlys respectively pivoted at their inner ends to said equalizer member and at their outer ends pivoted to the respective wings between the inner and outer edges of said wings.

3. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a carrier member comprising a body portion, bearing portions laterally extending therefrom at longitudinally separated points, and a shaft portion at one end thereof beyond the bearing portion; a plurality of wings each pivoted adjacent its inner edge to said bearing portions of the carrier and each having adjacent its outer edge provision to receive an outwardly presented abrading stone; a collar surrounding and rotarily movable with respect to the shaft portion of said carrier, and a plurality of links each pivoted at its inner end to a respective suitable point of` said collar and each pivoted at its outer end to a respective wing at a point on said wing between the inner and outer edges of the latter.

4. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a rotatable carrier member comprising a body having longitudinally spaced laterally extending bearing members and beyond said bearing members having shaft portions; equalizer collars surrounding the opposite shaft portions of said carrier; wings pivoted adjacent their inner edges to said bearing members and adjacent their outer edges having provision to receive outwardly presented abrading stones, and equalizer links arranged in pairs, corresponding to the opposite equalizer collars, each such link having its inner ends pivoted to its corresponding equalizer collar and its outer end pivoted to a respective wing at a point on said wing between the inner and outer edges of the latter.

5. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a carrier member having in longitudinally spaced relation laterally projecting bearing arms arranged in pairs, wings each pivoted adjacent its inner edge to a pair of said arms and outwardly displaceable from folded position wherein the wing lies in the space between peripherally successive arms; a link pivoted at its outer end to each wing respectively at a point beween the inner and outer edges of the wing, an equalizer member to which the inner ends of said links are pivoted, said equalizer member being rotatively movable with respect to the carrier, and abrasive stones carried by said wings near the outer edges thereof for outward displacement as the wings unfold. l

6. In a tool of the character described, a rotatable carrier, wings pivoted thereon each having an outwardly-facing pocket near its free edge, abrading stones to be held in said pockets, a channel-shaped metallic holder for each abrading stone investing its inner edge portion andvseated in the pocket of the corresponding wing, and a set screw on each wing extending through its side wall of the pocket and engaging said holder adjacent the bottom thereof to exert its pressure substantially parallel with the bottom of the channel and against the side wall of the channel to hold it and its stone in the pocket, while the holder protects the stone against fracture.

HORACE C. HEON. 

